NavList:
A Community Devoted to the Preservation and Practice of Celestial Navigation and Other Methods of Traditional Wayfinding
Re: sailing vessel types and rigs
From: Martin Ridsdale
Date: 2001 Dec 06, 3:22 PM
From: Martin Ridsdale
Date: 2001 Dec 06, 3:22 PM
My right hand was using Decca and jumped a lane, the right hand was using GPS and was steady! If I hadn't been using electronic writing then you wouldn't have been able to read any of it. ----- Original Message ----- From "Dan Allen"To: Sent: Wednesday, December 05, 2001 11:20 PM Subject: Re: [NAV-L] sailing vessel types and rigs > What does your dictionary list as the definition of a "resykt"? > (This word used by yourself in the 3rd line of your excellent posting... :-) > > > -----Original Message----- > From- Navigation Mailing List > [mailto:NAVIGATION-L@LISTSERV.WEBKAHUNA.COM]On Behalf Of Martin Ridsdale > Sent: Wednesday, December 05, 2001 12:55 PM > To: NAVIGATION-L@LISTSERV.WEBKAHUNA.COM > Subject: Re: sailing vessel types and rigs > > > Re-reading the answer to what a sloop might be I decided to look up a few of > the terms mentioned in my copy of the "Universal Dictionary of the Marine" > which was published in London in 1776. As a resykt I offer this > contribution to add to the confusion that must surround a subject such as > this. > > > SLOOP > A small vessel furnished with on mast, the main-sail of which is attached to > a gaff above, to the mast on it's foremost edge, and to a long boom below; > by which it is occasionally shifted to either quarter. See vessel. > > > SLOOP of WAR > A name given to the smallest vessels of war, except cutters. They are > either rigged as ships or as snows. See Command, Horse, and Rate. > > > VESSEL > A general name given to the different sorts of ship which are navigated on > the ocean, or in canals and rivers. It is, however, more particularly > applied to those of the smaller kind, furnished with one or two masts. > > It has already been remarked in the article Ship, that the views of utility, > which ought always to be considered in a work of this kind, seemed to limit > our general account of shipping to those which are most frequently employed > in European navigation. We have therefore collected into one point of view > that principal of these in plate XII so that the reader, who is unacquainted > with marine affairs, may the more easily perceive their distinguishing > characters, which are also more particularly described under the respective > articles. > > Thus fig 4 plate XII exhibits a snow under sail; fig 5 represents a ketch at > anchor; fig 6 a brig or brigantine; fig 7 a bilander; fig 8 axebec; fig 9 a > schooner; fig 10 a galliot; fig 11 a dogger; all of which are under sail; > fig 12 & 13 two gallies, one of which is under sail, and the other rowing; > and fig 14 a sloop. > > The ketch, whose sails are furled, is furnished with a try-sail, like the > snow; and it has a fore-sail, fore-stay-sail, and jib, nearly similar to > those of a sloop; but the sails on the main-mast are like those of a ship. > The main-sail and main-top-sail of the brig are like those of the schooner; > and the fore-mast is rigged and equipped with the sails in the same manner > as the shop and snow. The sails, mast, and yards of the xebec, being > extremely different from these, are described at large under the article. > In the schooner both the mainsail and foresail are extended by a boom and > gaff, as likewise is the sloop's main-sail; the sails of the dogger and > galliot are sufficiently expressed by the plate; and, finally, the gallies > are navigated with lateen-sails, which are extremely different from those of > the vessels above described. > > > CUTTER > A small vessel commonly navigated in the channel of England; it is furnished > with one mast, and rigged as a sloop. Many of these vessels are used on an > illicit trade, and others employed by the government to seize them; the > latter of which are either under the direction of the Admiralty or > Custom-house. > > > SCHOONER > A small vessel with two masts, whose main-sail and fore-Sail are suspended > from gaffs reaching from the mast towards the stern; and stretched out below > by booms, whose formost ends are hooked to an iron which clasps the mast so > as to turn therein as upon an axis, when the afterends are swung from one > side of the vessel to the other. > > > BARK > A general name given to small ships: it is however peculiarly appropriated > by seamen to those which carry three masts without a mizzen-top-sail. Our > northern mariners, who are trained in the coal-trade, apply this distinction > to a broad-stearned ship, which carries no ornamental figure on the stem or > prow. > > BRIG or BRIGANTINE > A merchant-ship with two masts. This term is not universally confined to > vessels of a particular construction, or which are masted and rigged in a > method different from all others. It is a variously applied, by the > mariners of different European nations, to a peculiar sort of vessel of > their own marine. > > Amongst English seamen, this vessel is distinguished by having her main-sail > set nearly in the plane of the keel; whereas the main-sails of larger ships > are hung athwart, or at right angles with the ship's length, and fastened to > a yard which hangs parallel to the deck: but in a brig, the foremost edge of > the main-sail is fastened in different places to hoops which encircle the > main-mast, and slide up and down it as the sail is hoisted or lowered: it is > extended by a gaff above, and by a boom below. > > > BILANDER > A small merchant-ship with two masts. > > The Bilander is particularly distinguished from other vessels of two masts > by the form of her mainsail, which is a sort of trapizia, the yard thereof > being hung obliquely on the mast in the plane of the ship's length, and the > aftmost of hinder end peeked or raised up to an angle of about 45 degrees, > and hanging immediately over the stern; while the fore end slopes downward, > and comes as far forward as the middle of the ship. To this the sail is > bent or fastened; and the two lower corners, the foremost of which is call ed > the tack, and the aftmost the sheet, are afterwards secured, the former to a > ring-bolt in the middle of the ship's length, and the latter to another in > the taffarel. The main-sails of larger ships are hung across the deck > instead of along it, being fastened to a yard which hangs at right angles > with the mast and the keel. > > Few vessels, however, are now rigged in this method, which has probably been > found more inconvenient than several others. It may not be improper to > remark, that this name, as well as brigantine, has been variously applied in > different parts of Europe to vessels of different sorts > > > DOGGER > A Dutch fishing-vessel navigated in the German ocean. It is generally > employed in the herring fishery, being equipped with two masts, viz. a > main-mast and a mizen-mast, and somewhat resembling a ketch. >