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    Re: Longitude by observation of the Sun, 19th Century
    From: Ducruy Jacques
    Date: 2013 Jun 12, 08:44 -0700


    Hello Peter,

    The Borda's formula was also used in England ; it is used for calculate the hour angle (HA) (and for the sun : hour angle = apparent time (or "true time" in France).

    Borda's Formula

    sin² HA/2 = (Sin (S-A) Cos S) / (Cos L Sin DP)

    with :
    A = true altitude
    L = DR latitude
    DP = polar distance (or 90° -/+ Dec)
    S = (A + L + DP)/2

    I add that the "Pagel coefficient" (Pagel was a french navy officer) give the error of HA produce by one minute of error on latitude :
    Pagel coefficient = Cotg azimut / Cos latitude


    Jacques


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