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    Re: Cel Nav and missile submarines
    From: Lu Abel
    Date: 2012 Apr 11, 19:19 -0700
    Right. But at this very low frequency it's likely they can only communicate at a very low baud rate. Good for missile launch orders, but not for chit-chat


    On Apr 11, 2012, at 7:06 PM, Jared <jareds@navpoint.com> wrote:

    Anyone groping for DOD's ELF comm? See Wikipedia below:

    _________________________
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communication_with_submarines#Extremely_low_frequency

    Electromagnetic waves in the ELF frequency range (3?300 Hz) (see also SLF) can penetrate seawater to depths of hundreds of meters, allowing communication with submarines at their operating depths. Building an ELF transmitter is a formidable challenge, as they have to work at incredibly long wavelengths: The US Navy's system (called Seafarer) operated at 76 hertz,[1] the Soviet/Russian system (called ZEVS) at 82 hertz.[2] The latter corresponds to a wavelength of 3,658.5 kilometers. That is more than a quarter of the Earth's diameter. Obviously, the usual half-wavelength dipole antenna cannot be constructed, as it would spread across a large country.
    ----------------------
    --Jared
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